北师大版八年级下册数学课本答案

北师大版八年级下册数学课本第四章复习题答案

  • 名称:北师大版八年级下册数学课本答案
  • 年级:八年级
  • 版本:北师大版
  • 科目:数学
  • 学期:下册
  • 系列:课本
学子斋 > 八年级下册课后答案 > 北师大版八年级下册数学课本答案 > 北师大版八年级下册数学课本第四章复习题答案
解:(1)7x²-63=7(x²-9)=7(x+3)(x-3)
(2)a³-a=a(a²-1)=a(a+1)(a-1).
(3)3a²-3b²=3(a²-b²)=3(a+b)(a-b).
(4)y²-9(x+y)²=(y-3x-3y)(y+3x+3y)=-(3x+2y)(4y+3x).
(5)a(x-y)-b(y-x)+c(x-y)=(x-y)(a+b+c).
(6)x(m+n)-y(n+m)+(m+n)=(m+n)(x-y+1).
(7)(x+y)²-16(x-y)²=(x+y-4x+4y)(x+y+4x-4y)=(5y-3x)(5x-3y).
(8)a²(a-b)²-b²(a-b)²=(a-b)²(a²-b²)=(a-b)²(a+b)(a-b)=(a-b)³(a+b)
(9)(x+y+z)²-(x-y-z)²=(x+y+z- x+y+z)(x+y+z+ x-y-z)=2(y+x)×2x=4x(y+z).
(10)(x+y)²-14(x+y)+49=(x+y-7)².

2.解:(1)a²b²-0.01=(ab)²-(0.1)²=(ab+0.1)(ab-0.1).
(2)x²y-2xy²+y³=y(x²-2xy+y²)=y(x-y)²
(3)16-(2a+3b)²=[4+(2a+3b)][4-(2a+3b)]=(4+2a+3b)(4-2a-3b).
(4)(a²+4)²-16a²=(a²+4+4a)(a²+4-4a)=(a+2)²(a-2)².
(5)x²-xy+1/4y²=(x-1/2y)².
(6)a²x²+16ax+64=(ax+8)².
(7)=(a²-4b²)²=[(a+2b)(a-2b)] ²=(a+2b)²(a-2b)².
(8)9+6(a+b)+(a+b)²=(a+b+3)².

3.解:(1)原式=(3x+2y)²,当x=4/3,y=-1/2时,原式=[3×4/3+2×(-1/2)] ²=(4-1)²=9.

当a=-1/8,b=2时,原式=-1/8×2=-1/4.

4.解:(1)2x²+2x+1/2=2(x²+x+1/4)=2(x+1/2)².
(2)(x+1)(x+2)+1/4=x²+3x+2+1/4=x1/4+3x+9/4=(x+3/2)².

5.解:因为所以能被120整除.

6.解:1/2x²+xy+1/2y²=1/2(x²+2xy+y²)=1/2(x+y)²,当x+y=1时,原式=1/2(x+y)²=1/2.


8.解:πR²-4πr²=π(R²-4r²)=π(R+2r)(R+2r).当R=7.8cm,r=1.1cm,π=3.14时,原式=3.14×(7.8+2.2)(7.8-2.2)=175.84(cm)².所以剩余部分的面积约为175.84cm².
点拨:剩余部分的面积=πR²-4πr²=π(R+2r)(R-2r),再代入求值即可.

9.解:[π•(D/2)²-π•(d/2)²]•L=πL/4(D²-d²)=πL/4(D+d)(D-d).当d =45cm,D=75cm,L=300cm时,体积为3.14/4×300×(75+45)(75-45)=847800(cm³)≈0.85(m³).所以浇制一节这样的管道约需0.85m³的混泥土.

10.解:9x²+6xy+y²=(3x+y)²,x>0,y>0,所以3x+y>0,所以正方形边长为3x+y.

11.解:因为x²+2x+1=(x+1)²,(x+1)²≥0,所以当x=-1时,(x+1)²=0,即当x=-1时,x²+2x+1取得最小值.

12.解:设两个正方形的边长分别为x cm,y  cm,根据题意,得
               
因此,两个正方形的边长分别为32cm,8cm.

13.解:由题意,得100x²-kxy+49y²=(10x±7y)²,即100x²-kxy+49y²=100x²±140xy+49y².所以k=±140.


15.(1)3/4        (2)2/3       (3)5/8
解析:(1)1--1/2²=(1+1/2)(1--1/2)=3/2×1/2=3/4.
(2)(1-1/2²)(1-1/3²)=(1+1/2)•(1-1/2)(1+1/3)(1-1/3)=3/2×1/2×4/3×2/3=3/4×8/9=2/3.
(3)(1-1/2²)(1-1/3²)(1-1/4²)=(1+1/2)(1-1/2)(1+1/3)•(1+1/3)(1+1/4)(1- 1/4)=3/2×1/2×4/3×2/3×5/4×3/4=5/8.
解:能根据所学知识找到计算上面算式的简便方法.